Manuscript volume 6 · Page 317

فكل مصل إنما هو على حسب حاله مع الله. ولهٰذا ما أمره الشرع في الائتمام بإمامه إلا فيما يشاهده من الإمام، من رفع وخفض.

(العلم بحال الإمام)

فإن كوشف بحال الإمام كان حكمه بحسب كشفه. فإذا علم إن الإمام على غير طهارة، فليس له أن يقتدي به من وقت علمه، وصح له ما مضى من صلاته معه قبل علمه، ولا اعتبار في ذٰلك لنسيان الإمام أو عمده؛ فإن الإمام عنده من وقت علمه في غير صلاة شرعا، وما أمره الله أن يرتبط، أعني أن يقتدي، إلا بالمصلي.

فإن كان الإمام ناسيا لجنابته أو حدثه، فهو مصل شرعا وصلاة المأموم صحيحة شرعا وائتمامه بمن هو مصل شرعا. وإن علم المأموم أن الإمام على غير طهارة، فإن تمكن للمأموم أن يعلمه بحدثه في نفس صلاته أعلمه، بحيث أن لا تبطل صلاة المأموم بذٰلك الإعلام؛ فإن الله يقول: ﴿ولا تُبْطِلُوا أَعْمالَكُمْ﴾ [محمد: ٣٣].

وإن لم يتمكن صلى لنفسه، فإذا فرغ من صلاته أعلمه بحدثه، سواء فرغ الإمام أو لم يفرغ. فإن تذكر الإمام أو قلده تطهّر^[93]، وإن لم يتذكر ولم يقلده فهو بحسب ما يقتضيه علمه ومذهبه في ذٰلك، وصلاة المأموم صحيحة.

Each person prays according to his own state with God. This is why the Law only commands a follower to follow his prayer leader in what he sees him do, such as rising and lowering himself.

(Knowing the Prayer Leader’s Condition)

If the prayer leader’s condition is unveiled to the follower, his ruling accords with what has been unveiled to him. If he knows that the prayer leader is without ritual purity, he may no longer follow him from the time he comes to know it. What has passed of his prayer with the leader before he knew remains valid. In this respect, whether the leader has forgotten or acts deliberately is immaterial. From the time the follower comes to know, the leader is legally outside prayer from his standpoint, and God has commanded him to attach himself, meaning to follow, only someone engaged in prayer.

If the prayer leader has forgotten his major ritual impurity or what invalidated his ritual purity, he is legally engaged in prayer, the follower’s prayer is legally valid, and he is following someone legally engaged in prayer. If the follower knows that the leader is without ritual purity and can inform him during the prayer itself of what invalidated his ritual purity, he should inform him in a way that leaves his own prayer valid. For God says, “Do not invalidate your deeds” [Muhammad 47:33].

If he is unable to do this, he prays on his own. When he has finished his prayer, he informs the leader of what invalidated his ritual purity, whether or not the leader has finished. If the leader remembers or takes the follower’s word for it, he purifies himself.^[93] If he neither remembers nor takes the follower’s word for it, he acts according to what his knowledge and legal position require in the matter. The follower’s prayer is valid.