They did not have a divine command to advance, so what was given to them is obligatory for them to obey it because they are also fulfilled by servitude, so they are standing in it in the position of servitude by obeying the command of their master. As for the choice and offer or request to attain the position, it is only apparent by it. Whoever does not achieve the servitude for which he was created, then this, O my Guardian, I have introduced you in this chapter to their positions, and what remains is the definition of their origins and the designation of the conditions of the rulers of the second class among them. We will mention that later, God willing, and God speaks the truth and it is He who guides the path. There is no Lord but Him .

As for the one whose work is done by character, then the treasures of obligatory duties will be raised for him, I mean the obligatory duties in action and omission, and the recommended ones in action and omission, filled with a light tinged with being without the lights of those we have mentioned, and the treasures of what is permissible will be raised for them, empty in action and omission, except for the one who abandons what is permissible or does it because it is permissible, for in them is a light befitting this. The type is as if it is light from behind a veil, like the light of the sun from behind a thin cloud. If he looks at what is included in that permissible thing, leaving out what is forbidden or disliked, and it does not occur to him to leave out an obligatory or recommended thing, then his light will be a little more complete and brighter than the first naked light .

The pronunciation of the Talbiyah is his saying, “Labbayk,” just as God is the Greatest legislated the takbeer of the ihram in the prayer, so some of them made it obligatory to meet the Messenger of God, may God bless him and grant him peace, and its form is “Labbayk, O God.” “Labbayyak,” “Labbayk.” God of creation, it is obligatory according to these words, and according to the majority of scholars, it is desirable, and with it I say, and pronouncing it is better. They differed in adding to this wording and in changing it, as we said. They also differed in raising the voice with the Talbiyah, which is the crescent, so some of them made it obligatory, and I say it, but in my view, if it occurs once, it is sufficient, and what is more than that is sufficient. One, it is desirable and preferable, and some of them said raising the voice when reciting the Talbiyah is recommended except in congregational mosques, with the exception of the Sacred Mosque and the Mina Mosque, according to

By his saying, peace be upon him, if there are scholars of hadith in my nation, then among them is Omar

! And what he said about Abu Bakr regarding his virtue in secrets is different from him, and if these sciences had not been denied in existence, the saying of Abu Hurairah would not have been of any benefit. Abu Hurairah’s saying: “I memorized two vessels from the Messenger of God, may God bless him and grant him peace, and as for one of them, I scattered it, and as for the other, if I scattered it, this pharynx would be cut off from me.” The jurist Abu Abdullah Muhammad bin Ubaid narrated it to me. Al-Hajri in Ceuta in Ramadan in the year five hundred and eighty-nine at his house, and Abu al-Walid Ahmad bin Muhammad bin al-Arabi also told me about it at his house in Seville in the year five hundred and ninety-two. In others, all of them said, he told us, except for Abu al-Walid bin al-Arabi, for he said, I heard Abu al-Hasan Shurayh bin Muhammad bin Shurayh al-Ru’

Fasting while traveling

The name of Ramadan requires him to implement the ruling therein until the end of the month of his authority, and travel is judged by transfer, which is the lack of stability in one state, so the ruling of the divine name Ramadan is invalidated against the fasting traveler, and whoever says that it rewards him makes his travel in He cut off the days of the month and made the ruling on it the name Ramadan, so he combined travel and fasting. As for the ruling on its transition, which is called travel, it moves from fasting to breaking the fast and from breaking the fast to fasting, and the ruling on Ramadan does not depart from it, and for this reason he legislated its fasting and praying, then it is also permissible to connect in it with its transition from night to day and from day to night. The ruling on Ramadan applies to him, and for this reason the traveler suffices to fast Ramadan