The owner of this Presence is called Abd al-Aleem, and the scholars in this Presence are in three ranks: a scholar whose knowledge is itself, a scholar whose knowledge is gifted, and a scholar whose knowledge is acquired, and he has judgment in the divine things, and he has judgment in the universe. For God has knowledge of everything for His own sake and the generality of its connection to every known thing, and we have explained where this connection comes from. His knowledge of what is known and what is acquired in God, his saying until we know, and what is bestowed in God is what the servant has given him regarding his disposition of what is permissible, it does not have to be restricted, specifying what is obligatory, what is forbidden, what is recommended, and what is disliked. The acquisition of knowledge by acting in what is permissible is a knowledge bestowed upon him by the servant in a divine way, because he is not obligated to perform it as his belief is obligatory for